Promoting the integrated use of bikeshare and metro: A focus on the nonlinearity of built environment effects

Bikeshare offers a flexible feeder mode to metro and improves the overall connectivity of urban public transport systems. Although bikeshare has received much research attention, relationship between built environment bikeshare-metro integrated use (i.e. for first/last mile) remains underexplored. Using one-month dataset trip records in Nanjing, China, this scrutinizes correlates use. A generalized additive mixed model is employed capture temporal autocorrelation attributable repeated observations over time spatial resulting from geographical proximity individual stations. The results show that variables do impose salient nonlinear effects on For example, population density only increases at certain intervals, interestingly, extremely high leads decline proportion commercial greenspace land uses within station catchment areas should not be too or low. There exists an optimal setting maximizes utility land-use interventions. These findings provide useful policy implications developing facilitates integration